Dermabrasion vs. Microdermabrasion: What’s The Difference?
Originally published on April 6, 2017. Updated August 12, 2025
Skin resurfacing treatments have become a go-to solution for people looking to improve their complexion without invasive surgery. Whether it’s minimizing acne scars, softening wrinkles, or refreshing dull skin, procedures like microdermabrasion and dermabrasion offer effective results tailored to different needs. While both treatments exfoliate the skin and promote renewal, they vary greatly in terms of depth, intensity, recovery time, and ideal candidates.
Understanding the distinctions between these two approaches can help you make an informed decision based on your skin concerns, tone, and lifestyle. In this article, we’ll explore what each procedure entails, how they differ, and who they’re best suited for.
What is Microdermabrasion?
Microdermabrasion is a non-invasive skin resurfacing technique that targets the outermost layer of the skin, the stratum corneum. The treatment involves either the use of fine crystals sprayed across the skin or a diamond-tipped wand that manually exfoliates the surface. A vacuum mechanism removes the exfoliated skin cells, leaving behind a smoother, more radiant layer.
This treatment is quick, relatively painless, and requires no anesthesia. It is usually performed in a dermatologist’s office or medical spa, often by an esthetician or skincare professional. Because the results are subtle and cumulative, microdermabrasion is typically done in a series of treatments, spaced a few weeks apart, to achieve and maintain optimal results. It’s safe for all skin tones and requires minimal downtime, making it ideal for busy individuals seeking a gentle refresh.
What is Dermabrasion?
Dermabrasion, by contrast, is a more intensive resurfacing procedure that removes deeper layers of skin using a high-speed rotary device. The device, fitted with a wire brush or diamond fraise, aggressively exfoliates the epidermis and can reach into the dermis depending on the skin concern being addressed.
Because of the depth of abrasion, dermabrasion requires either local or general anesthesia and is performed by a dermatologist or plastic surgeon. It’s typically a one-time treatment designed to address more serious skin concerns like deep acne scars, surgical scars, and pronounced wrinkles. The recovery period is considerably longer (typically one to two weeks or more) and involves wound care and sun protection. While results are more dramatic, the procedure is usually recommended for those with fairer skin to minimize the risk of pigmentation issues.
Dermabrasion vs. Microdermabrasion
The basic difference between dermabrasion and microdermabrasion is resurfacing intensity: dermabrasion is a more drastic version of microdermabrasion as the treatment forcibly removes deeper layers of the skin. While microdermabrasion removes dead (or dying) skin cells, dermabrasion goes deeper to remove layers of the dermis that are alive.
This means that dermabrasion provides a more dramatic result compared to microdermabrasion, a great benefit for individuals dealing with more severe skin issues (i.e. deeper wrinkles, intense pigmentation, acne scarring, etc.).
However, the dramatic results provided by dermabrasion can come at a cost. Dermabrasion treatments involve fairly significant pain and discomfort, along with longer recovery time. Additionally patients who undergo dermabrasion may be at risk for long-term risks including infection, permanent changes in skin color, and scarring.
Key Differences Between Microdermabrasion and Dermabrasion
To help visualize the major differences between these two procedures, here’s a comparison table:
| Category | Microdermabrasion | Dermabrasion |
| Depth of Treatment | Superficial (stratum corneum only) | Deep (into the epidermis and possibly dermis) |
| Performed By | Esthetician or dermatologist | Dermatologist or plastic surgeon |
| Anesthesia | None | Local or general anesthesia |
| Downtime | Minimal (a few hours of redness) | 1–2+ weeks with redness, scabbing, and swelling |
| Results | Subtle and cumulative | More dramatic, long-lasting results |
| Treatment Course | Multiple sessions (typically 4–6) | Often a single treatment |
| Skin Types | Safe for most skin types, including darker tones | Best for fair skin; higher pigmentation risk for darker skin |
How Are Microdermabrasion and Dermabrasion Similar?
Despite their differences in technique and depth, microdermabrasion and dermabrasion share a common purpose: to exfoliate the skin and stimulate renewal. Both treatments help improve skin texture and clarity, reduce signs of aging, and promote the production of collagen and new skin cells. They can both minimize the appearance of fine lines, scars, and discoloration over time.
Additionally, both are clinical procedures that should be performed by trained professionals. After either treatment, sun protection is critical to prevent hyperpigmentation and support the healing process. Proper aftercare, including moisturizing and gentle skincare, also plays an important role in achieving the best outcomes.
Ideal Candidates for Each Procedure
Microdermabrasion is best suited for individuals with mild skin concerns who are looking for a gentle, no-downtime procedure. Because it’s safe for all skin tones, it is especially appealing to those with darker complexions who might be at risk of pigmentation changes with more invasive treatments. It’s also ideal for people seeking a maintenance treatment to keep their skin clear and glowing.
Dermabrasion is more appropriate for people with significant scarring, deep wrinkles, or substantial sun damage. It delivers more dramatic results but comes with a longer recovery period and increased risks, especially for people with darker skin tones. Fair-skinned individuals who can commit to the downtime and adhere to post-procedure care are the best candidates for this intensive treatment.
Skin Concerns Each Treats Best
Microdermabrasion effectively addresses a variety of mild to moderate concerns. These include fine lines, dullness, mild acne scars, uneven skin tone, and enlarged pores. It’s a good choice for people who want to enhance their skin’s overall appearance and texture gradually.
Dermabrasion, due to its deeper exfoliation, is designed to treat more severe skin issues. These include deep acne scars, traumatic or surgical scars, deeper wrinkles, severe sun damage, and even precancerous lesions in certain cases. It’s often used when a more aggressive approach is needed to achieve significant skin improvement.
Comparing Side Effects and Risks
The risks associated with microdermabrasion are minimal. Patients may experience temporary redness, dryness, flaking, or increased sensitivity to skincare products immediately following treatment. These side effects usually resolve within a day or two.
In contrast, dermabrasion carries a higher risk of complications due to its invasive nature. Common side effects include redness, swelling, and scabbing, along with discomfort during the healing process. There’s also a risk of infection, scarring, and pigment changes — especially in those with darker skin. Prolonged redness or uneven skin tone may persist for weeks or even months after the procedure.
Results: What to Expect
After microdermabrasion, many people notice an immediate improvement in skin smoothness and brightness. However, because the treatment only affects the top layer of skin, the most noticeable changes develop over time with repeated sessions. The skin continues to improve as collagen production is stimulated and cell turnover increases.
Dermabrasion produces more significant results, especially for deep scarring and advanced signs of aging. Once the skin heals — usually within two weeks — patients see visibly smoother, more even skin. Improvements in tone, texture, and scar depth are long-lasting, especially when combined with a consistent skincare routine and sun protection.
How Soon Will I See Results After Each Procedure?
With microdermabrasion, the initial glow is usually visible immediately after treatment. Skin feels smoother and looks more radiant. However, optimal results appear gradually after a series of sessions, typically spaced two to four weeks apart.
For dermabrasion, results begin to emerge once the healing process is complete — usually seven to 14 days after the procedure. While redness can linger for several weeks, the benefits such as reduced scarring and wrinkles become evident soon after the skin regenerates. Full results may take a few months to fully develop, but they tend to be more dramatic and longer-lasting than with microdermabrasion.
Recovery and Aftercare
Microdermabrasion requires very little recovery. Most patients can return to work or social activities immediately after the procedure. It’s important to use a gentle moisturizer, avoid harsh skincare products, and apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen daily to protect the new skin.
Dermabrasion demands much more care and patience during recovery. The treated area may need to be covered with a dressing, and patients must follow a strict wound care regimen. Sun exposure should be completely avoided during the early healing phase and limited in the months that follow. Healing typically takes several weeks, during which redness and swelling gradually subside. Patients should also avoid strenuous activities and keep the area clean to prevent infection.
Which One Is Right for You?
Choosing between microdermabrasion and dermabrasion depends on your specific skin concerns, skin tone, lifestyle, and how much downtime you’re willing to accept. If you’re looking to refresh your skin with minimal interruption, microdermabrasion is a great option for maintenance and treating mild imperfections. It’s safe for all skin types and can be done regularly without significant side effects.
However, if you’re seeking more transformative results and are dealing with deeper scarring or more advanced signs of aging, dermabrasion may be worth considering — particularly if you have fair skin and can commit to the recovery process. Consulting with a board-certified dermatologist or plastic surgeon is essential to determine which treatment is safest and most effective for your individual needs.
Other Skin Resurfacing Options
Given the risks and required recovery time inherent in dermabrasion, we advise our patients to opt for other treatments that can offer similar results without the downside. Patients who are seeking other options can also consider chemical peels, dermaplaning, or laser resurfacing treatments:
- Chemical Peels: Topically applied chemical formulas that produce a controlled shedding of the skin. We offer many different chemical peels that differ in terms of intensity. It’s possible to completely customize a peel to address the specific needs and characteristics of your skin.
- Dermaplaning: Also known as blading or microplaning, dermaplaning uses a small special blade to remove the outermost layers of skin and fine hairs on the face. The procedure is similar to shaving as the blade is stroked over the targeted skin at an angle.
- Laser Skin Resurfacing: Advanced technological improvements have yielded a variety of laser-based skin resurfacing treatments. Treatments like Fraxel or Clear+Brilliant used advanced laser light to remove outer layers of the skin with extreme precision. Best of all, most laser treatments require less downtime with great results.
Dr. Kate Edwards is a Board Certified Dermatologist specializing in general adult and pediatric dermatology as well as surgical dermatology, including skin cancer treatment, cyst removals, and more. She also has a special interest in cosmetic dermatology including Botox, dermal fillers, chemical peels, microneedling and lasers. She believes in a tailored and balanced approach to each patient’s treatment plan, considering skin type, age, ethnicity, and one’s personal goals and beauty standards.
Disclaimer: The contents of the Westlake Dermatology website, including text, graphics, and images, are for informational purposes only and are not intended to substitute for direct medical advice from your physician or other qualified professional.
What is the total recovery time for dermabrasion for deep acne scarring? thanks
Hi Tom,
Recovery time will vary from patient to patient and can depend greatly on the level of intensiveness for the specific dermabrasion procedure you are going to undergo. That being said, most people fully recover within 5-8 days.
I hope that helps!
Thanks,
WD Staff